Components of Pre Engineered Building and Accessories

PEB is built over a structural concept of primary members, secondary members, and the cover sheeting connected through fasteners. These structural members are custom designed to be lighter in weight as well as high in strength, assuring fast construction. Pre-engineered steel buildings can be fitted with different structural accessories including mezzanine floors, canopies, fascias, interior partitions, etc. and the building is made waterproof by use of special mastic beads, filler strips, and trims. This is a very versatile building system and can be finished internally to serve any required function and accessorized externally to achieve attractive and distinctive architectural styles.

Pre-Engineered Building Components:

Primary Structural Members:

The main framing basically includes the rigid steel frames of the building. The PEB rigid frame comprises tapered columns and tapered rafters; these are fabricated tapered sections, referred to as built-up members. The tapered sections are fabricated using the state of art technology wherein the flanges are welded to the web. Splice plates are welded to the ends of the tapered sections. The frame is erected by bolting the splice plates of connecting sections together.

Primary Built up Members

Columns

The main purpose of the columns is to transfer the vertical loads to the foundations. However, apart from the horizontal actions (wind action) is also transferred through the columns. Basically in pre-engineered buildings columns are made up of I sections which are more economical than others. The width and breadth will go on increasing from the bottom to the top of the column. I section consists of flanges and a web which are made from plates by welding.

Rafter

A rafter is one of a series of sloped structural members (beams) that extend from the ridge or up-to-the wall-plate, downslope perimeter or eave, and that are designed to support the roof deck and its associated loads.

Secondary Structural Members:

Purlins, Grits and Eave Struts are secondary structural members used to support the wall and roof panels. Purlins are used on the roof; Grits are used on the walls and Eave Struts are used at the intersection of the sidewall and the roof. Secondary members have two functions: they act as struts that help in resisting part of the longitudinal loads that are applied on the building such as wind and earthquake loads, and they provide lateral bracing to the compression flanges of the main frame members thereby increasing frame capacity. Purlins, girts and eave struts are cold-formed members. No welding is involved in this preparation. They are prepared by just bending the steel coil in order to give it a desired shape (Z-shape for purlins and girts, and C-shape for eave struts).

Roof and Wall Panels:

Tin shades & Curtain Wall made of Glass & Roll-formed steel sheets usually comes in the category. From transfer of wind force and other acting loads form building frame to the foundation at certain interval. X-bracing system is used to change the direction of forces for reducing the impact of forces. Normally rod, pipes or angles are used for x-bracing purpose.

 

Panels used for sheeting purpose are generally of ribbed steel sheets used as roof and wall sheeting, roof and wall liners, partition and soft sheeting. The steel sheets are generally produced from steel coils having thickness 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm high tensile stress. These are multilayer coated profile sheets that are pre-painted Galvalume (Aluminum-Zinc) with environment-specific paint coating. Sandwich Panel is made of three layers, in which a non-Aluminum Core is inserted b/w two aluminum sheet.

In order to provide weather covering for roof and walls from external condition, steel structure need to be covered fully/partially as per functional requirements. For all purposes this covering provides access for all architectural and function requirements as well. Normally, metal profiled steel sheets are used for covering purpose. Now a day’s different color/color combinations are used to make building more aesthetic & elegant. There are various other elements of sheeting such as flashings, trims, ridge cover, peak panel, rack trim, drip trim etc. which is made of the same material as of sheeting and equally important for weather tight functioning of the building. In addition, proper rain water gutter for collection of rainwater and down take pipe for discharge of water from gutter to the ground is also a key element to the building for overall performance of the building. All sheets are joined together with the help of self-drilling/self-tapping screw and necessary sealing material such as butyl tape, sealant, foam filler etc. are used to make buildings more efficient.

Building Accessories:

There are various other building elements which may not be important structurally but very important functionally and it adds performance of the building. Skylight, wall light, Doors, windows, louvers, ventilators, turbo-vent, insulations, and roof curb etc. are equally important to the smooth functioning of the building.

» Sliding Doors – Single Leaf or Double Leaf

A sliding door is a type of door which opens horizontally by sliding, usually parallel to a wall. Sliding doors are used in hangars, warehouses, etc., where a larger opening into the building is required. These are either single leaf or double leaf.

» Windows

Aluminum windows are positioned on the walls of a building and are two sided. They are progressed by a sliding action measured by guide ways and the jamb fins. Numerous windows can be shaped by joining the jamb fins.

» Sky Lights and Wall Lights

Skylights are the modern way of adding natural light in the building and help one to save on energy costs of electricity. Besides this, they also add on to the aesthetic value of the building. These skylights are generally installed in roofs and on the walls of the building.

Usually Polycarbonate Sheets and FRP sheets are used for this. Polycarbonate Sheets are made up of polycarbonate polymer which is durable, high impact-resistant, low scratch-resistant and heat-resistant. FRP sheets are fiber glass sheets made of qualitative raw materials like plastic, fiber glass cloth resin and many others to ensure in them durable performance standards.

» Louvers

A louver is a window blind or shutter with horizontal slats that are angled to admit light and air, but to keep out rain and direct sunshine. Louvers can enhance a building architectural look and meet ventilation air movement requirements. Louvers are made from the same PPGL sheets using the chosen colors.

» Sand Trap Louvers

This louver consists of different form of flashings arrangement in a predetermined manner in order to create a sand trap. The dual advantage of the sand trap louver is not only to help with natural ventilation but also to act as a sand trap.

» Ridge Ventilators

Ridge ventilator is a type of ventilator installed at the peak of a sloped roof which allows warm, humid air to escape from the building.

» Rooftop curbs

Rooftop curbs are raised metal frames designed for mounting structures safely to your roof. The frames are used for accessories that mount above the roof and those that penetrate the roof’s surface. Roof curbs are manufactured as one-piece constructions from Polycarbonate. The base of these products will have the same configuration as of roof profiles.

» Roof Jacks

Roof jacks ensure optimal ventilation atop metal buildings, and protect rooftop piping and plumbing vents. Roof jacks are designed to suit specific roof slopes, and to create a firm seal.

» Roof Monitors

Roof Monitor is the raised portion of the main building, generally at the ridge. Ridge Monitors are manufactured from Cold-Formed sections and Hot-Rolled I sections. Roof Monitors are widely used for the buildings where more number of air changes required. It is considered to be the best ventilation solution for Steel Buildings.

» Turbo Ventilators

Turbo ventilator is installed on the roof and is rotated by the Wind without electricity. Turbo ventilators are designed and engineered to exhaust Industrial pollutants such as smoke, dust, poisonous gases, humidity, fumes, heat and many more invisible irritants from the covered area. Turbo ventilator provides a safe, cool, healthier and more controlled environment by removing the entrapped heat and industrial emission ensuring the health of workers, thus contributing to an increase in workers’ productivity.

» Insulations

Insulation is used to create thermal resistance around the building, saving money and creating a comfortable place. Insulation, when installed properly, will reduce heating and cooling costs by keeping cool weather inside the building and reducing heat losses. The type of insulation and the form of insulation will depend on your climate and the R-value you would like to have.